Improvement in coal-oil lamps



J. E. AIVIBRSE.

Coal Uil Lamp.

Patented April 26, 1864.

llNirn STATES ArtNr trice..

JOSHUA E. AMBROSE, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-OIL LAMPS.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSHUA E. AMBRosE, ofJersey City, Hudson county, State of New Jersey, have invented, made,and applied to use certain new and useful improvements in theconstruction and operation of lamps for burning coal, petroleum, andother hydrocarbon oils; and I do declare the following' to be a full,clear, and correct description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, and to theletters of reference markedthereon, in which- Figure 1 is a perspectiveof .my improved lamp 5 Fig. 2, a sectional View of the same, the

globe being removed; Fig. 3, a view ot' the inner cap used with burner;Fig. 4, a view of the outer cap used with burner.

In the drawings like parts ot' the invention are designated by thesameletters of reference.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction and operation,as hereinafter set forth, of a lamp for the purpose of burning coal,petroleum, and other hydrocarbon oils without the use ot' a chimney,which lamp shall produce a light of equal brilliancy with that producedby a coal oil lamp vemployin ,r a chimney.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, l willspeak of the construction and operation ofthe same.

A shows a basin, to which the oil-i'ount B` is soldered, which basin Ais intended to prevent air entering too suddenly the perforations a a inthe oil-forint B, and which basin A receives any oil that may leak fromthe oilfount B.

B shows the fount for the reception of the oil used, which fount isprovided with an outer rim and with the perforations c a for the'.admission of air. This oil-fount B is provided with the tube (l, placedwithin it and extending about half way through the same, which tube Ckeeps the oil used in a quiet state and prevents the agitation ot' thesame while the lamp is in use. The burner is formed of the shell E,provided with the openings c e, the wick-tube F, in which the wick isinserted, the box G, the lever H, provided with the spurwheels h' h forraising' or lowering the wick, the plate i, placed over the upper end ofthe wick-tube F, which plate is provided with lips for the purpose ofbringing a portion of the air upon either side of the wick-tube Fdirectly atthe base of the flame, rendering the flame more white, andwhich plate is also provided with wings to direct the rest of the airthrough the slotsfin the inner cap, L, by which means the flame iswidened.` The box G is employed to inclose the spur-wheels h h andprevent the oil around the spur-wheels h h from vaporizing and takingfire. The cover of the box G is formed by the bottom H2 of the shell E,which bottom H is made convex to allow the spur-wheels "la It to befreely turned within the same.

L shows an inner cap provided with the central slot, m, through whichthe wick projects. The edges oi' this slot m are serrated for thepurpose of admitting a draft of air between the wick and the outer edgesof the slot. The slot m is made narrow to prevent the flame extendingbelow the cap L and burning on the under side. The slotI m being notlarge enough to admit sufficient air, the inner cap, L, is also providedwith the slots m2 m3 on either side of the slot m, intended to admit twocurrents ot' air from below into the chamber between the outer and innercaps, thus widening the iiame. The inner cap is also perforated, as atfj, for the admission ot' air in smaller currents.

M shows an outer cap placed over the inner cap, L, provided with4 thecentral slot, n, through which the liame protrudes. This outer cap, M,is perforated, as at g g, for the admission of air into the chamberformed between thc outer and inner caps. A cone, f made in the presentinstance in two pieces, N and N2, is also employed, which cone is placedover the burner and over the oil--t'ount B, and

main current of air which passes between the basin A and the rim oftheoil-forint B, and enters the perforations ot a in the oil-fount B, isdirected and carried by this cone to the perforations e e in the shellE, and passes up on the inside of the burner, through the perforations fand slots m m2 m3 of the inner cap, L, to the iiame, thus forming whatmay be termed an inside draft, while the other portion of the air iscarried up by the cone, and is forced through the perforations g g ofthe outer cap, M, into the chamber formed between the outer and innercaps, rendering the combustion more thorough. The upper portion of thiscone covers the peri'orations ad in the fount B. The

z the globe of the lamp. Without thepresence 'the operation may be thusdescribed: rlhe -t'ount B is filled with oil, the wick placed tion overthe fount and burner. rlhe wick is terminates between the perforationsof the outer cap and the lower edge of the slot in the same. lt will beobserved that should the cone have its termination below theperforations in the outer cap, the llame would be deadened, and it'above the lower edge of the slot in the outer cap the llame would benarrowed, inasmuch as the air would be made to impinge against the edgesot' the flame. Hence the cone is made to terminate as shown in thepresent instance, by which the brilliancy ofthe llame is much increased.

P shows the base of the globe Q, to which it (the glass globe) isattached, and R is the top of the globe Q. The base Pis perforated, asatp, to admita current of air which passes upward to the flame betweenthe cone and of this body of air the flame would be narrow and forked.The top 1t ot' the globe Q is made long` to increase the intensity ot'the llame, while the globe itselt' may be made of any desired form, orthe interior of the lamp, constructed as j ust described, may beadvantageously employed with the frame-work ot' an ordinary lantern. f

My improved lamp being thus constructed,

Within the wick-tube, the burner screwed int0 the t'ount B, and the coneplaced in posil elevated to its proper position above the upl per cap,trimmed straight across, lighted, and

depressed about midway between the outer i andinner caps. The lamp isthen placed within the globe, and there held in any convenient manner.The main current of the air entering the perforations a a is directed bythe cone through the perforations in the shell ofthe burner and throughthe perforations in the upper cap, thus rendering,` the combustionperfect. The' second current of air entering through the perforations inthe base of the globe passes directly to the flame, increasing its sizeand preventing its forking. The use of the globe shuts off the cold air,iucreases the draft, and renders the flame Whiter. By the use of thelamp thus constructed, and not employing a chimney, I am enabled to gainall the advantages resulting; from the use of a chimney, and at the sametime dispense with the expense and trouble ot' one, and furnish a lampfor public thoroughtares and conveyances Where a chimney could not beadvantageously employed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim therein as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In combination With the burner constructed as shown and composed of theparts E, F, G, H, H2, L, and M, the use or employment of the cone N andN2, tount B, and chimney Q R, for the purpose or purposes herein fullyde scribed.

JOSHUA E. AMBROSE.

In presence of- A. TURNER, I. PAUGE.

